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PhD Thesis Dissertation
Markus Schröppel @
University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Brusila
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Standards
ADV - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Verkehrsflughäfen: "Piktogramme zur Orientierung auf Flughäfen", Stuttgart 1974
AIGA (American Institute of Graphic Arts) and the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT): Signs and Symbols, 1974
British Standards Institution: BS 6034:1990, ISO 7001:1990
Specification for public information symbols
CEN European Committee for Standardization: Procedures for the standardization of graphical symbols: ISO/TC 145 - all graphical symbols (Guidance ? Graphical symbols)
China National Standards (GB): GB/T 10001. 2-2002. I*.
Public information graphical symbols for use on sign
China, Bureau of Technical Supervision (国10号) MH 0005-1997 民用航空公共信息 (civil aviation public information signs with graphic symbols)
ГОСТ (Государственный стандарт: Euro-Asian Council for Standardization) ГОСТ Р 51885-2002 Знаки информационные для общественных мест (GOST R 51885-2002 informational signs for public places)
ERCO GmbH; Piktogrammsystem; continually expanded to Otl Aicher's syntactic pictograms; Lüdenscheid, Germany
International Organization for Standardization: ISO 7001:2007 specifies graphical symbols for the purposes of public information.
International Organization for Standardization: ISO 9186-1 u. 2:2007 specifies methods for testing the comprehensibility of graphical symbols.
International Organization for Standardization: ISO 22727:2007 specifies requirements for the creation and design of public information symbols.
Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport), Boston (USA): Logan International Airport Sign Program Guidelines and Graphic Standards
Normas Portuguesas NP 4280:1995 (1ª Edição) pp.5. Segurança contra incêndio. Sinalização de dispositivos de combate a incêndio.
SABS - South African Bureau of Standards: SANS 7001, standardised public information symbols
Note: The content of this thesis is not about Airport Operational guidance signs (runway and taxiway guidance signs) for details see:
Federal Aviation Administration: A/C 150/5340-18E, Standards for Airport Sign Systems
Another Elevator pictogram: Shutterstock, stock pictogram
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